Up the great staircase trooped the 2,500 guests, <br>
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resplendent in tiaras and jewels or white tie and tails,<br>
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to be greeted by their hostess, the Marchioness <br>
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of Londonderry, glamorous in a clinging black satin Paris dress.<br>
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Either side of her impressive cleavage gleamed great swathes of diamonds.<br>
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Round her neck hung a heavy row of pearls that fell below her waist.<br>
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On her head was the largest of the Londonderry tiaras, so big it was <br>
<br>
known in the family as ‘the fender'.<br>
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Pale rays illuminate the top-lit gallery of Londonderry house<br>
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Beside her stood her handsome husband Charles, the seventh Marquess of Londonderry, and the <br>
<br>
Prime Minister, Lloyd George. That November night in 1919 <br>
<br>
was Edith Londonderry's first Eve of Parliament reception, a tradition that continued for 20-odd years.<br>
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The Marchioness of Londonderry wears ‘the fender' to greet <br>
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guests, 1934<br>
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Londonderry House, like many of London's great houses, was built for entertaining.<br>
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In the 18th and 19th centuries, most aristocrats and others who lived on their estates for much of the <br>
<br>
year had a town house to which they migrated for ‘the <br>
<br>
Season' - those summer months filled with balls and parties, when débutantes were presented at court and launched into ‘society' in the hope of making a splendid marriage.<br>
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The ballroom, Devonshire House<br>
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These houses were as magnificent as their owners could manage.<br>
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Built and decorated by the most talented of the age, they <br>
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were sumptuously furnished - walls were hung with silk,<br>
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damask and wonderful paintings - and often embellished with marble statuary.<br>
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The mustard-yellow drawing rooms of Londonderry House were filled with blue Sèvres vases and gold <br>
<br>
plate; in the entrance hall stood a Canova statue <br>
<br>
of Theseus and the Minotaur (now in the Victoria and Albert Museum).<br>
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Suites of rooms, with a ballroom at one end, could <br>
<br>
be flung open for entertaining.<br>
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Georgiana Cavendish (1757-1806), a lover of gambling - and threesomes<br>
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Today most of these palatial mansions have <br>
<br>
been pulled down or turned into blocks of flats.<br>
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With their disappearance went their furnishings, objets and paintings.<br>
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But what their wonderful rooms looked like can be seen in London: Lost Interiors, a book compiled from superb black-and-white photographs <br>
<br>
of these amazing houses, some of which belonged to aristocratic landowners, others to plutocrats or society figures.<br>
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The drawing room, Grosvenor House<br>
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Most of the townhouses - those used for the Season rather than permanent residences - were <br>
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clustered round Park Lane, Mayfair or on Piccadilly, like <br>
<br>
Devonshire House. Here once lived the fifth Duke of Devonshire and his wife Georgiana (pronounced jaw-janer), whom he had married in 1774 when she was <br>
<br>
just 17. She was a celebrated beauty who quickly became a leader <br>
<br>
of fashion, famous for her towering hairstyles three feet high, decorated with <br>
<br>
birds, fruit, even ships in sail. The couple <br>
<br>
spent 20 years in a ménage à trois with Lady <br>
<br>
Elizabeth Foster, Georgiana's close friend, who was also <br>
<br>
the Duke's mistress. Meanwhile, Georgiana's gambling led to mounting debts:<br>
<br>
on her death in 1806 they were found to be the equivalent of £4 million in today's money.<br>
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The rich, restless second Duke of Westminster, AKA Bendor, in his 20s<br>
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Another Park Lane mansion was Grosvenor House, belonging to the dukes of Westminster and one of the largest in London, as befitted the family's status and wealth <br>
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(their huge fortune came from their ownership of Mayfair).<br>
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Bendor, the blond and handsome second duke (1879-1953) was known as one of the richest men in England, lavishing jewels on his mistresses, chief among whom was <br>
<br>
Coco Chanel.<br>
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The picture gallery, Grosvenor House<br>
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A restless soul, Bendor would arrive without warning at any of <br>
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his houses (or yachts). All were kept ready: cars fuelled, silver polished, servants in livery.<br>
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But after the First World War, during which Grosvenor House had been requisitioned as a <br>
<br>
hospital, land prices had risen so high that even for Bendor it <br>
<br>
had become uneconomic and he sold it. It was demolished in 1927 and the Grosvenor House <br>
<br>
Hotel was built on the site.<br>
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Designer Oliver Messel, Devonshire House, 1934<br>
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At the other end of the scale was 8 Pelham Place, the South Kensington home of Cecil Beaton from 1940 to 1975.<br>
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Superbly furnished by this brilliant photographer, it was described loftily by the diarist Chips Channon (for whom the word ‘snob' <br>
<br>
could have been invented - in his diaries he <br>
<br>
declares, ‘I am only really happy with royalty') as ‘a tiny <br>
<br>
but super-attractive snuffbox of a house'. Beaton, himself no social slouch, ran him close: at <br>
<br>
his parties the women often wore stiletto heels, which pitted the floor, and later <br>
<br>
he would point them out, saying, ‘That's Princess Marina, that's <br>
<br>
Julie Andrews, that's Vivien Leigh…'<br>
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French furnishings at 8 Pelham Place, the South Kensington home of <br>
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Cecil Beaton<br>
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Beaton's near neighbour in Pelham Place, until the mid-60s, was <br>
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the great stage designer Oliver Messel. When Messel's nephew Tony Armstrong-Jones (later <br>
<br>
Lord Snowdon) became engaged to Princess Margaret, Messel laid on a lunch, asking the Princess if there was anyone she would particularly <br>
<br>
like to meet. She said she had always greatly admired <br>
<br>
the witty cabaret star Bea Lillie and so Messel invited her.<br>
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What none of them knew was that Bea Lillie had a drinking habit.<br>
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At the end of lunch she slid quietly under the table and was <br>
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carried upstairs to sleep it off. Tony and the Princess took <br>
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their leave and Messel rushed back to his studio, where he was busy with fittings for Elizabeth Taylor, only to be interrupted by a telephone call.<br>
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Cecil Beaton at home in Pelham Place, 1947<br>
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‘It's Kensington Police Station here, Mr Messel,' said the <br>
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voice at the other end. ‘We thought you ought to <br>
<br>
know that there's a naked woman on your balcony, throwing bottles at everyone who <br>
<br>
passes by.'<br>
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Among the last of these fascinating residences to survive <br>
<br>
was the aforementioned Londonderry House. Throughout the <br>
<br>
20s and 30s it had seen receptions and balls, hosted by the Londonderrys for their four daughters and two granddaughters.<br>
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When eventually it had to go, in July 1962, a <br>
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farewell party for 300 was given by Alastair, the 9th Marquess.<br>
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Live sounds were supplied by a blues band featuring a swaggering <br>
<br>
young Mick Jagger, no less - presaging the rise of a whole new <br>
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swinging London generation.<br>
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London: Lost Interiors by Steven Brindle is published by Atlantic, £50.<br>
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To order a copy for £42.50 with free UK delivery until 22 December, go to mailshop.co.uk/books or call 020 3176 2937. <br>
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<br>
historic england, getty images<br>
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Up the great staircase