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Up the great staircase trooped the 2,500 guests, resplendent in tiaras and jewels <br>
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or white tie and tails, to be greeted by their hostess, the Marchioness of Londonderry, glamorous in a clinging black <br>
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satin Paris dress. Either side of her impressive cleavage gleamed great <br>
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swathes of diamonds. Round her neck hung a heavy row of pearls that <br>
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fell below her waist. On her head was the <br>
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largest of the Londonderry tiaras, so big it was <br>
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known in the family as ‘the fender'.<br>
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<b>Pale rays illuminate the top-lit gallery of Londonderry house</b><br>
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Beside her stood her handsome husband Charles, the seventh Marquess of Londonderry, and the Prime Minister, Lloyd George.<br>
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That November night in 1919 was Edith Londonderry's first Eve of Parliament reception, a <br>
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tradition that continued for 20-odd years.<br>
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<i><u>The Marchioness of Londonderry wears ‘the fender' to greet guests, 1934</u></i><br>
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Londonderry House, like many of London's great houses, <br>
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was built for entertaining. In the 18th and 19th <br>
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centuries, most aristocrats and others who lived on their estates for much of the year had a <br>
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town house to which they migrated for ‘the Season' - those summer months filled with balls and <br>
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parties, when débutantes were presented at court and launched into ‘society' <br>
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in the hope of making a splendid marriage.<br>
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<b>The ballroom, Devonshire House</b><br>
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These houses were as magnificent as their owners could manage.<br>
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Built and decorated by the most talented of the age, they were sumptuously furnished <br>
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- walls were hung with silk, damask and wonderful paintings - and often embellished with marble statuary.<br>
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The mustard-yellow drawing rooms of Londonderry House were filled with blue Sèvres <br>
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vases and gold plate; in the entrance hall stood a Canova statue of Theseus and the <br>
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Minotaur (now in the Victoria and Albert Museum). Suites of <br>
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rooms, with a ballroom at one end, could be flung open for <br>
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entertaining.<br>
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<b>Georgiana Cavendish (1757-1806), a lover of gambling - and threesomes</b><br>
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Today most of these palatial mansions have been pulled down or turned into blocks of flats.<br>
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With their disappearance went their furnishings, objets and paintings.<br>
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But what their wonderful rooms looked like <br>
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can be seen in London: Lost Interiors, a book compiled from superb black-and-white photographs of these amazing houses, some of which belonged <br>
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to aristocratic landowners, others to plutocrats or society figures.<br>
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<b>The drawing room, Grosvenor House</b><br>
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Most of the townhouses - those used for the Season rather than permanent residences - <br>
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were clustered round Park Lane, Mayfair or on Piccadilly, like Devonshire <br>
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House. Here once lived the fifth Duke of Devonshire and his wife Georgiana (pronounced <br>
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jaw-janer), whom he had married in 1774 when she was just 17.<br>
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She was a celebrated beauty who quickly became a leader of fashion, famous <br>
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for her towering hairstyles three feet high, decorated with birds, fruit, even ships in sail.<br>
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The couple spent 20 years in a ménage à trois with Lady Elizabeth <br>
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Foster, Georgiana's close friend, who was also the Duke's mistress.<br>
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Meanwhile, Georgiana's gambling led to mounting debts: on her death in 1806 they <br>
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were found to be the equivalent of £4 million in today's money.<br>
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<u>The rich, restless second Duke of Westminster, <br>
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AKA Bendor, in his 20s</u><br>
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Another Park Lane mansion was Grosvenor House, belonging to the <br>
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dukes of Westminster and one of the largest in London, as befitted the family's status and wealth (their huge fortune came from their ownership <br>
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of Mayfair). Bendor, the blond and handsome second duke (1879-1953) was known as one of the richest men in England, lavishing jewels on his mistresses, chief among whom was Coco Chanel.<br>
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<b>The picture gallery, Grosvenor House</b><br>
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A restless soul, Bendor would arrive without warning at any of his houses <br>
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(or yachts). All were kept ready: cars fuelled, silver polished, servants <br>
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in livery. But after the First World War, during which Grosvenor House <br>
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had been requisitioned as a hospital, land prices had risen so <br>
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high that even for Bendor it had become uneconomic <br>
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and he sold it. It was demolished in 1927 and the <br>
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Grosvenor House Hotel was built on the site.<br>
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<u>Designer Oliver Messel, Devonshire House, 1934</u><br>
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At the other end of the scale was 8 Pelham Place, the South Kensington home of Cecil Beaton from 1940 to 1975.<br>
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Superbly furnished by this brilliant photographer, it was described loftily by the diarist Chips Channon (for whom <br>
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the word ‘snob' could have been invented - in his diaries he declares, ‘I am only really happy with royalty') as ‘a tiny but super-attractive snuffbox of a house'.<br>
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Beaton, himself no social slouch, ran him close: at his parties the women often wore stiletto heels, which pitted the floor, and later he would point them out, saying, ‘That's Princess Marina,<br>
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that's Julie Andrews, that's Vivien Leigh…'<br>
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<b>French furnishings at 8 Pelham Place, the South <br>
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Kensington home of Cecil Beaton</b><br>
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Beaton's near neighbour in Pelham Place, until the mid-60s, was <br>
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the great stage designer Oliver Messel. When Messel's nephew <br>
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Tony Armstrong-Jones (later Lord Snowdon) became engaged to Princess <br>
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Margaret, Messel laid on a lunch, asking the Princess if there was anyone she would particularly like to meet.<br>
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She said she had always greatly admired the witty cabaret <br>
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star Bea Lillie and so Messel invited her.<br>
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What none of them knew was that Bea Lillie had a drinking habit.<br>
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At the end of lunch she slid quietly under the table and was carried upstairs to sleep it off.<br>
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Tony and the Princess took their leave and Messel rushed back to his studio, where he was busy with fittings <br>
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for Elizabeth Taylor, only to be interrupted by a telephone call.<br>
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<b>Cecil Beaton at home in Pelham Place, 1947</b><br>
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‘It's Kensington Police Station here, Mr Messel,' said the voice at the other end.<br>
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‘We thought you ought to know that there's a naked woman on your <br>
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balcony, throwing bottles at everyone who passes by.'<br>
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Among the last of these fascinating residences to survive <br>
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was the aforementioned Londonderry House. Throughout the 20s and 30s it had seen receptions and balls, hosted by the Londonderrys for their four daughters and <br>
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two granddaughters. When eventually it had to go, in July 1962, a farewell party for 300 <br>
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was given by Alastair, the 9th Marquess. Live sounds were supplied by a blues <br>
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band featuring a swaggering young Mick Jagger, no less - presaging the rise of a whole new swinging London generation.<br>
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London: Lost Interiors by Steven Brindle is published by Atlantic, £50.<br>
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To order a copy for £42.50 with free UK delivery until 22 <br>
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December, go to mailshop.co.uk/books or call 020 <br>
<br>
3176 2937. <br>
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historic england, getty images<br>
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Up the great staircase